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The Boldons are a group of three small villages in the North East of England - East Boldon, West Boldon and Boldon Colliery - bordering the North of Sunderland, East of Newcastle and the south of South Shields and Jarrow. They have a population of 13,271.〔(Office for National Statistics : ''Census 2001 : Urban Areas : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population'' ) Retrieved 2009-08-26〕 'Boldun' was first recorded in print in 1170, and evolved from the words "Bold" or "Botl" meaning a building and "dun" meaning a hill. In 1866 work began sinking a pit at the foot of the hill that began producing coal in 1869, and was then known as Boldon New Winning. The village that developed nearby in the 1870s became known as Boldon Colliery. When the mine was deepened and extended in the 1910s, further housing to accommodate the workforce was built to the south of the pit in an area known as Boldon New Town. Until 1974 the area was administered by Boldon Urban District Council in County Durham but since then has been part of the borough of South Tyneside. In 1976, the Boldon Colliery Band appeared in episode 13 of the television series ''When the Boat Comes In''. The mine closed in 1982 but more jobs became available when an Asda supermarket opened in 1987. Further recent developments include Boldon Business Park. Boldon Colliery also has its own multi-screen cinema (currently operated by Cineworld). The main secondary school in the area is Boldon School, a specialist sports college (formerly Boldon Comprehensive School). There is also a primary school within Boldon Colliery, Hedworth Lane Primary and a nursery school, Boldon Nursery, a playgroup and a hotel. The Discovery Channel programme The Haunting produced an episode centred on the ghostly goings on at the Wheatsheaf Inn in West Boldon. The inn was reputedly haunted by the ghosts of a young girl and her murderer, with several reported sightings. ==Housing and environment== The Boldons form part of the suburban fringe of South Tyneside and are completely surrounded by green belt. There are conservation areas within the historic village centres of East and West Boldon. Despite the relatively small geographical area, there are a significant number of older buildings considered as being of architectural merit including churches, public houses and former country houses, as well as modern additions. St. Nicholas Church in West Boldon is a Grade I listed building. The area includes a wide range of housing styles, from Edwardian villas to Victorian terraces, post-war housing to more recent smaller-scale developments. The first street built in Boldon Colliery was Cross Row (also known as Sinkers Row) which was constructed to house the men who were initially employed to sink the shaft. Several years later, other major housing projects were started and terraced housing such as that at Arnold Street and Charles Street were built. After the colliery was closed the former industrial land lay derelict for many years. In 2000, Colliery Wood was created with over 2,500 trees planted. The wood is popular with the local community and provides a habitat for animals such as pheasants, squirrels, woodpeckers and otters. Colliery Wood provides six new paths, which are also suitable for cycling and link to East Boldon, and Brockley Whins and Whiteleas in nearby South Shields. Boldon Flats is another site important for nature conservation, which contains an area of damp pasture. The flats are flooded from each October to March and attract a wide array of bird life and a large population of common frogs. West Boldon Lodge, constructed by the National Grid, is situated amongst a range of habitat, including wetland, grassland and woodland. Locally rare orchids are present at one site. The River Don traverses Boldon and is the last stronghold of water voles in South Tyneside. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Boldons」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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